There are apparently any number of possible causes for your issue.
Third party security suites seem to top the list, so if you have any such product installed you may want to uninstall it temporarily to see if that helps.
Additionally some peripheral devices attach to USB ports can cause problems you may want to remove them for now. Especially any wireless USB dongle that supports wireless networking or wireless keyboards and or mice.
There may be some problems with your installation source if you have tried updating using the online upgrade process.
Look for $WINDOWS.~BT a hidden folder in the Root of C:\ and get rid of it.
Your best bet is to secure the update in the form of an ISO from here
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/software-download/techbench
Once you have the ISO, you can use ImgBurn to burn it to a DVD or Rufus to burn it to a USB ThumbDrive, and run setup.exe from there to perform the in-place upgrade.
Choose upgrade and make sure the box is ticked to obtain updates as part of the upgrade process.